Consumer search and resource discovery
“Finding what you want online is not easy but take heart”
Two fundamental goals of e-commerce have been to
Availability of useful information (through improved publishing tools)
Accessibility of useful information (through search and retrieval tools)
The goal of search tools is to utilize the information processing power of computer to improve decision making without increasing time and the effort expended in making choices. Himanshu143goel@gmail.com
For individual decision making
For organizational decision making
Information search challenges
Information search can be very complex and unfortunately remains one of least understood. In E-markets finding information is the on-line world can be tricky for several reasons
1. Rapid turnover of information (constantly changing E-market environment)
2. Information overload (user must be able to find small products that form best alternatives)
if you like my post then pls click on advertisment and add as you in my follower list.
Its beneficial for you and me both.
Today consumers want to make intelligent choices based on complete information. A number of methods are being developed to help users search and discover on-line information.
Thus the challenge is to design search and retrieval processes that maximize an individual’s value in term of time, cost and information needs.
Integrating search and purchasing
Before delving into the specifics of search and retrieval It is necessary to understand the search process involved. In on-line purchasing
Due to number of items Himanshu143goel@gmail.com in a choices set reaches four or five brands. Consumers are forced to adopt two step process
1. Elimination of brands (that are deficient on some attributes)
2. Evaluation of remaining brands
Let us consider these two steps
Joe and Jane (couple) wanted to purchase a new car for their growing family but which is best Omini van or a four wheel drive utility vehicle?
They hated their last car buying experience so by this time they think their PC and internet connection help them. An online research pulls up reviews by various magazines that outline the advantages and disadvantages of each model. Through initial research considering the consumer satisfaction, reliability and maintenance and operating cost. They choose four mini vans and four utility vehicles. Himanshu143goel@gmail.com To get owner perspective, the couple asked on-line questions with the dealers and got answers and after this they select two minivans and two four utility vehicles. Through the automatic manufacture’s server they saw the digital video of car with different columns, engine size, sound system etc.
To experience the services of dealers they use electronic yellow pages and notify two dealerships via email to make appointment for test drives. Using E-brokerage services they check whether it is best to lease or buy, best loan terms available for purchasing a car and contact electronically to the lender. They also compare the insurance rates of two cars.
Saturday they make test drive that afternoon they issue an E-bid which is answered by E-brokerage service. Electronically generated loan and insurance procedures were carried out as well.
Search and resource discovery paradigms
Broadly speaking three information search and resource discovery paradigms use
1. Information search and retrieval
2. Electronic directories and catalogs
3. Information filtering
1. Information search and retrieval
Information search is sifting through large volumes of information to find some target information.
It is designed to deal with
1. semi structured
2. unstructured data
In contrast to database applications involving only structured data.
The process of searching for text in large collection of documents can be divided in 2 phases. Himanshu143goel@gmail.com
End user retrieval phase
It include three steps
Example
Query to find all documents containing the string E-commerce
Publisher indexing phase consists of entering documents into the system and creating indexes and pointer to facilitate subsequent searches. The process of loading documents into the system and updating indexes in normally not a concern to the user.
2. Electronic directories and catalogs
Information browsing and organizing is accomplished using directories and catalogs. Organizing refers to the human guided process of deciding how to interrelate information usually by placing it into same sort of hierarchy.
Browsing refers to the corresponding human guided activity of exploring the organization and contents of a resource space. Himanshu143goel@gmail.com
The main weakness of information organizing is that it is typically done by “someone else” and is not easy to change but this is also the main strength because people prefer fixed system to be used.
Information browsing depends heavily on the quality and relevance of the organization.
3. Information filtering: - The goal of information filtering is to select all and only that information is relevant and reduce it to a manageable and understandable set. The focus here is on providing efficient access to the Himanshu143goel@gmail.com constantly changing information for a specific task. This access is controlled by software filters are of two types.
1. Local filters: - work on incoming data to a PC such as news feed.
2. Remote filters: - are often software agents that work behalf on users.
Manner that conserve scarce network bandwidth and processing capabilities.
Search engines
The purpose of search engine in any indexing system to find every item that matches the query, no matter where it is located in the system.
A search engine must carry out this regard most popular approach is used by topic,
1. A search engine used in lotus notes (client server) adobe acrobat. It uses both keywords and information topic might return a list of hundred documents that matches the user criteria but they would be listed in order of relevance of topic assign.
2. In second approach is offered by context based searching. There tools let the user enter a query and then came up with the relevant data based on context of the documents themselves.
For instance you might look for E-commerce and find an article that reference “digital money”.
3. Other approaches to data searching on the web or other wide area network. The most compelling is Oracle’s context which can go through a variety of documents and creates its own summary.
Indexing methods
File level indexing
Word level indexing
File level indexing
Associates each indexed word with a list of all the files in which that word appears at least once but it does not provide the information of location of word in files.
Word level indexing
Is more sophisticated and stores the location of every instance of a word. It helps the user to search for complete phrase or words that are in close proximity.
For instance, say you entered a query on E-commerce into a file level index. Such an index might return the sentences Himanshu143goel@gmail.com “commerce is increasingly becoming electronic”. A word level index on the other hand contains the location of each word in your file system.
The disadvantage of word level indexing is that it occupies a lot of disk space and can be slower than file level indexing.
if u want diagram of this then mail me himanshu143goel@gmail.com
“Finding what you want online is not easy but take heart”
Two fundamental goals of e-commerce have been to
Availability of useful information (through improved publishing tools)
Accessibility of useful information (through search and retrieval tools)
The goal of search tools is to utilize the information processing power of computer to improve decision making without increasing time and the effort expended in making choices. Himanshu143goel@gmail.com
For individual decision making
For organizational decision making
Information search challenges
Information search can be very complex and unfortunately remains one of least understood. In E-markets finding information is the on-line world can be tricky for several reasons
1. Rapid turnover of information (constantly changing E-market environment)
2. Information overload (user must be able to find small products that form best alternatives)
if you like my post then pls click on advertisment and add as you in my follower list.
Its beneficial for you and me both.
Today consumers want to make intelligent choices based on complete information. A number of methods are being developed to help users search and discover on-line information.
Thus the challenge is to design search and retrieval processes that maximize an individual’s value in term of time, cost and information needs.
Integrating search and purchasing
Before delving into the specifics of search and retrieval It is necessary to understand the search process involved. In on-line purchasing
Due to number of items Himanshu143goel@gmail.com in a choices set reaches four or five brands. Consumers are forced to adopt two step process
1. Elimination of brands (that are deficient on some attributes)
2. Evaluation of remaining brands
Let us consider these two steps
Joe and Jane (couple) wanted to purchase a new car for their growing family but which is best Omini van or a four wheel drive utility vehicle?
They hated their last car buying experience so by this time they think their PC and internet connection help them. An online research pulls up reviews by various magazines that outline the advantages and disadvantages of each model. Through initial research considering the consumer satisfaction, reliability and maintenance and operating cost. They choose four mini vans and four utility vehicles. Himanshu143goel@gmail.com To get owner perspective, the couple asked on-line questions with the dealers and got answers and after this they select two minivans and two four utility vehicles. Through the automatic manufacture’s server they saw the digital video of car with different columns, engine size, sound system etc.
To experience the services of dealers they use electronic yellow pages and notify two dealerships via email to make appointment for test drives. Using E-brokerage services they check whether it is best to lease or buy, best loan terms available for purchasing a car and contact electronically to the lender. They also compare the insurance rates of two cars.
Saturday they make test drive that afternoon they issue an E-bid which is answered by E-brokerage service. Electronically generated loan and insurance procedures were carried out as well.
Search and resource discovery paradigms
Broadly speaking three information search and resource discovery paradigms use
1. Information search and retrieval
2. Electronic directories and catalogs
3. Information filtering
1. Information search and retrieval
Information search is sifting through large volumes of information to find some target information.
It is designed to deal with
1. semi structured
2. unstructured data
In contrast to database applications involving only structured data.
The process of searching for text in large collection of documents can be divided in 2 phases. Himanshu143goel@gmail.com
End user retrieval phase
It include three steps
Example
Query to find all documents containing the string E-commerce
Publisher indexing phase consists of entering documents into the system and creating indexes and pointer to facilitate subsequent searches. The process of loading documents into the system and updating indexes in normally not a concern to the user.
2. Electronic directories and catalogs
Information browsing and organizing is accomplished using directories and catalogs. Organizing refers to the human guided process of deciding how to interrelate information usually by placing it into same sort of hierarchy.
Browsing refers to the corresponding human guided activity of exploring the organization and contents of a resource space. Himanshu143goel@gmail.com
The main weakness of information organizing is that it is typically done by “someone else” and is not easy to change but this is also the main strength because people prefer fixed system to be used.
Information browsing depends heavily on the quality and relevance of the organization.
3. Information filtering: - The goal of information filtering is to select all and only that information is relevant and reduce it to a manageable and understandable set. The focus here is on providing efficient access to the Himanshu143goel@gmail.com constantly changing information for a specific task. This access is controlled by software filters are of two types.
1. Local filters: - work on incoming data to a PC such as news feed.
2. Remote filters: - are often software agents that work behalf on users.
Manner that conserve scarce network bandwidth and processing capabilities.
Search engines
The purpose of search engine in any indexing system to find every item that matches the query, no matter where it is located in the system.
A search engine must carry out this regard most popular approach is used by topic,
1. A search engine used in lotus notes (client server) adobe acrobat. It uses both keywords and information topic might return a list of hundred documents that matches the user criteria but they would be listed in order of relevance of topic assign.
2. In second approach is offered by context based searching. There tools let the user enter a query and then came up with the relevant data based on context of the documents themselves.
For instance you might look for E-commerce and find an article that reference “digital money”.
3. Other approaches to data searching on the web or other wide area network. The most compelling is Oracle’s context which can go through a variety of documents and creates its own summary.
Indexing methods
File level indexing
Word level indexing
File level indexing
Associates each indexed word with a list of all the files in which that word appears at least once but it does not provide the information of location of word in files.
Word level indexing
Is more sophisticated and stores the location of every instance of a word. It helps the user to search for complete phrase or words that are in close proximity.
For instance, say you entered a query on E-commerce into a file level index. Such an index might return the sentences Himanshu143goel@gmail.com “commerce is increasingly becoming electronic”. A word level index on the other hand contains the location of each word in your file system.
The disadvantage of word level indexing is that it occupies a lot of disk space and can be slower than file level indexing.
if u want diagram of this then mail me himanshu143goel@gmail.com
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